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# Keycloak

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Keycloak is an identity management solution implemented in Java that can be used as an authentication backend for many different applications.

This article or section is out of date.

Reason: Keycloak 17 has a new configuration file format.[1] (Discuss in Talk:Keycloak#New configuration file format)

## Installation

Install the keycloak package.

## Running

Start/enable `keycloak.service`. In the default configuration, it will start in standalone mode which is not recommended for production environments but will be used in this article for the sake of simplicity.

By default, Keycloak is available on http://127.0.0.1:8080/ and https://127.0.0.1:8443/.

Note Prior to Keycloak 18.0.0, the endpoints were http://127.0.0.1:8080/auth/ and https://127.0.0.1:8443/auth/ respectively

## Creating an admin user

As per upstream instructions, you have two ways to create the initial Keycloak admin user one is connecting to keycloak through http://localhost:8080 and the second is to add environment variables for username and password for the first launch.

To do the latter, override the unit:

    /etc/systemd/system/keycloak.service.d/admin.conf

    [Service]
    Environment="KEYCLOAK_ADMIN=admin"
    Environment="KEYCLOAK_ADMIN_PASSWORD=securepassword"

Reload the systemd daemon, then restart the `keycloak.service`.

Afterwards, make sure to delete the override and daemon-reload again, as Keycloak will refuse to start up with the environment variables defined when the account already exists.

## Configuration

The default standalone configuration can be found at `/etc/keycloak/standalone.xml`.

Any changes you make to this file while the server is running will not take effect and may even be overwritten by the server. Either stop the service beforehand, use the command line scripting or use the web console of WildFly.

The ports used by the service can found in that file, albeit in a slightly unusual format:

    /etc/keycloak/standalone.xml

        <socket-binding-group name="standard-sockets" default-interface="public" port-offset="${jboss.socket.binding.port-offset:0}">
            <socket-binding name="ajp" port="${jboss.ajp.port:8009}"/>
            <socket-binding name="http" port="${jboss.http.port:8080}"/>
            <socket-binding name="https" port="${jboss.https.port:8443}"/>
            <socket-binding name="management-http" interface="management" port="${jboss.management.http.port:9990}"/>
            <socket-binding name="management-https" interface="management" port="${jboss.management.https.port:9993}"/>
            <socket-binding name="txn-recovery-environment" port="4712"/>
            <socket-binding name="txn-status-manager" port="4713"/>
            <outbound-socket-binding name="mail-smtp">
                <remote-destination host="localhost" port="25"/>
            </outbound-socket-binding>
        </socket-binding-group>

### H2 configuration

Keycloak's `standalone.xml` file is preconfigured with two h2 datasources. One is "ExampleDS", and can be safely removed. The other is "KeycloakDS" and is used to store Keycloak's configuration. (`jboss.home.dir` refers to `/opt/keycloak` in the Keycloak package)

Example configuration parts for the H2 file-based database:

    /etc/keycloak/standalone.xml

            <subsystem xmlns="urn:jboss:domain:datasources:5.0">
                <datasources>
                    <datasource jndi-name="java:jboss/datasources/ExampleDS" pool-name="ExampleDS" enabled="true" use-java-context="true" statistics-enabled="${wildfly.datasources.statistics-enabled:${wildfly.statistics-enabled:false}}">
                        <connection-url>jdbc:h2:mem:test;DB_CLOSE_DELAY=-1;DB_CLOSE_ON_EXIT=FALSE</connection-url>
                        <driver>h2</driver>
                        <security>
                            <user-name>sa</user-name>
                            <password>sa</password>
                        </security>
                    </datasource>
                    <datasource jndi-name="java:jboss/datasources/KeycloakDS" pool-name="KeycloakDS" enabled="true" use-java-context="true" statistics-enabled="${wildfly.datasources.statistics-enabled:${wildfly.statistics-enabled:false}}">
                        <connection-url>jdbc:h2:${jboss.server.data.dir}/keycloak;AUTO_SERVER=TRUE</connection-url>
                        <driver>h2</driver>
                        <security>
                            <user-name>sa</user-name>
                            <password>sa</password>
                        </security>
                    </datasource>
                    <drivers>
                        <driver name="h2" module="com.h2database.h2">
                            <xa-datasource-class>org.h2.jdbcx.JdbcDataSource</xa-datasource-class>
                        </driver>
                    </drivers>
                </datasources>
            </subsystem>
       ...
                <default-bindings context-service="java:jboss/ee/concurrency/context/default" datasource="java:jboss/datasources/KeycloakDS" managed-executor-service="java:jboss/ee/concurrency/executor/default" managed-scheduled-executor-service="java:jboss/ee/concurrency/scheduler/default" managed-thread-factory="java:jboss/ee/concurrency/factory/default"/>

### PostgreSQL configuration

The official Arch Linux Keycloak package already comes with inbuilt PostgreSQL support.

Example configuration parts for PostgreSQL:

    /etc/keycloak/standalone.xml

            <subsystem xmlns="urn:jboss:domain:datasources:5.0">
                <datasources>
                    <datasource jndi-name="java:jboss/datasources/KeycloakDS" pool-name="KeycloakDS" enabled="true" use-java-context="true" statistics-enabled="${wildfly.datasources.statistics-enabled:${wildfly.statistics-enabled:false}}">
                        <connection-url>jdbc:postgresql://localhost:5432/keycloak</connection-url>
                        <driver>postgresql</driver>
                        <security>
                            <user-name>keycloak</user-name>
                            <password>keycloak</password>
                        </security>
                    </datasource>
                    <drivers>
                        <driver name="postgresql" module="org.postgresql">
                            <xa-datasource-class>org.postgresql.xa.PGXADataSource</xa-datasource-class>
                        </driver>
                    </drivers>
                </datasources>
            </subsystem>
       ...
                <default-bindings context-service="java:jboss/ee/concurrency/context/default" datasource="java:jboss/datasources/KeycloakDS" managed-executor-service="java:jboss/ee/concurrency/executor/default" managed-scheduled-executor-service="java:jboss/ee/concurrency/scheduler/default" managed-thread-factory="java:jboss/ee/concurrency/factory/default"/>

### Keycloak Prometheus metrics

Install the keycloak-metrics-spi package. To enable the metrics listener endpoint

     /opt/keycloak/bin/kcadm.sh config credentials --server http://localhost:8080/auth --realm master --user $KEYCLOAK_ADMIN --password $KEYCLOAK_PASS
     /opt/keycloak/bin/kcadm.sh update events/config -s "eventsEnabled=true" -s "adminEventsEnabled=true" -s "eventsListeners+=metrics-listener"

The config command creates a kcadm.config file in the .keycloak directory of the user who runs the command. As contains an access token, it is recommend to remove the file after

     rm /home/$USER/.keycloak/kcadm.config

After restarting the metrics are available via http://localhost:8080/auth/realms/master/metrics

## External links

- Configuring Keycloak with Postgres
- Official Keycloak documentation

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- Authentication

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