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## 2. xindy Usage

## 2.1 I don't want to write style files. How can I proceed?

You can use the wrapper program `makeindex4`. It tries to do it's very best to make xindy behave as `makeindex` does. But if you ever need to use some of the features of xindy you should learn how to write an index style. Its easy!

## 2.2 How do I use `makeindex4`?

Process your document as usual. Then run `makeindex4` on the index file. It produces an index that should equal the one you would get with an ordinary `makeindex` run. As far as you are satisfied with the default behaviour of `makeindex`, `makeindex4` will produce comparable results.

Some of the command-line options of `makeindex` are accepted by `makeindex4`, others aren't. This may change in future releases, but we recommend using plain xindy after a phase of investigation, since one cannot use all of its features with `makeindex4`. You will be informed about unsupported command-line arguments when running `makeindex4`.

If you have written special style files for `makeindex` they will no longer work with `makeindex4`. Go ahead and write a new style file for xindy.

## 2.3 How works `makeindex4`?

This job is now done automatically by `makeindex4`. It calls `tex2xindy` to transform the raw-index into the format suitable for xindy. `tex2xindy` emits some information about the attributes (aka. encapsulators in `makeindex`) and the usage of cross-references into a file, which has the extension ``.sta`'. The `makeindex4` program, written in `perl`, parses this statistics-file and generates the above presented indexstyle commands for you automatically including the required declaration of all attributes in the whole index and their markup.

Another problem is the automatic detection of cross-references. As noted above, `makeindex` handles cross-references with its encapsulation mechanism, a scheme which has been dropped in xindy and replaced by a more powerful mechanism. To implement a simple plug-in mechanism we have extended the syntax of the `tex2xindy` filter to identify encapsulators of the form

> `

>     \indexentry{...|encap{...}}{...}

> `

as a cross-reference, whereas encapsulators of the form

> `

>     \indexentry{...|encap}{...}

> `

are treated as ordinary attributes. This is standard practice defining cross-references in `makeindex`. Thus, `tex2xindy` distinguishes these two forms of encapsulators as opposed to `makeindex` and our plug-in `makeindex4` generates the appropriate definitions of the cross-reference classes as well.

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