<?xml version="1.0"?>
<document>
<title>Simulation of Energy Loss Straggling</title>
<author>Maria Physicist</author>
<date>November 9, 1998</date>
<section id="sec:phys332-1">
<stitle>Landau theory</stitle>
<p>   The Landau probability distribution may be written in 
terms of the universal Landau function <cite refid="bib-LAND"/> .
</p>
<subsection>
<stitle>Restrictions</stitle>
<p>The Landau formalism makes two restrictive assumptions:</p>
<lalist class="enumerate">
     <item><p>The typical energy loss is small.</p></item>
     <item><p>The typical energy loss in the absorber should be 
     large (see section <ref refid="urban"/> ).</p></item>
</lalist>
</subsection>
</section>
<section id="urban">
<stitle>Urb&aacute;n model</stitle>
<p>   The following values are obtained:
</p><p>   <tabular preamble="llcrr"><row>
<cell>16</cell><cell>16</cell><cell></cell><cell>2000</cell>
<cell>29.63</cell></row><row><cell>100</cell>
<cell>27.59</cell><cell></cell><cell>100</cell><cell>32.00</cell>
   </row></tabular></p>
</section>
<section class="star">
<stitle>References</stitle>
<bibliography >
<bibitem id="bib-LAND">
 <p>L.Landau. On the Energy Loss of Fast Particles by Ionisation. 
 Originally published in <emph>J. Phys.</emph>, 8:201, 1944.</p>
</bibitem>
</bibliography>
</section>
</document>

